Latent class analysis of diagnostic tests for adenovirus, Bordetella pertussis and influenza virus infections in German adults with longer lasting coughs.
Identifieur interne : 000089 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000088; suivant : 000090Latent class analysis of diagnostic tests for adenovirus, Bordetella pertussis and influenza virus infections in German adults with longer lasting coughs.
Auteurs : C. Sobotzki [Allemagne] ; M. Riffelmann [Allemagne] ; N. Kennerknecht [Allemagne] ; C. Hülsse [Allemagne] ; M. Littmann [Allemagne] ; A. White [Irlande (pays)] ; R. Von Kries [Allemagne] ; C H Wirsing Von König [Allemagne]Source :
- Epidemiology and infection [ 1469-4409 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adenoviridae (isolement et purification), Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Allemagne (épidémiologie), Bordetella pertussis (isolement et purification), Coqueluche (diagnostic), Coqueluche (microbiologie), Coqueluche (épidémiologie), Femelle, Grippe humaine (diagnostic), Grippe humaine (virologie), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Humains, Immunoglobuline A (analyse), Immunoglobuline G (analyse), Infections à Adenoviridae (diagnostic), Infections à Adenoviridae (virologie), Infections à Adenoviridae (épidémiologie), Influenzavirus A (isolement et purification), Influenzavirus B (isolement et purification), Jeune adulte, Modèles théoriques, Mâle, Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne, Sensibilité et spécificité, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Tests diagnostiques courants (), Toux (diagnostic), Toux (microbiologie), Toux (virologie), Toux (épidémiologie).
- MESH :
- analyse : Immunoglobuline A, Immunoglobuline G.
- diagnostic : Coqueluche, Grippe humaine, Infections à Adenoviridae, Toux.
- isolement et purification : Adenoviridae, Bordetella pertussis, Influenzavirus A, Influenzavirus B.
- microbiologie : Coqueluche, Toux.
- virologie : Grippe humaine, Infections à Adenoviridae, Toux.
- épidémiologie : Allemagne, Coqueluche, Grippe humaine, Infections à Adenoviridae, Toux.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Modèles théoriques, Mâle, Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne, Sensibilité et spécificité, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Tests diagnostiques courants.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Allemagne.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adenoviridae (isolation & purification), Adenoviridae Infections (diagnosis), Adenoviridae Infections (epidemiology), Adenoviridae Infections (virology), Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bordetella pertussis (isolation & purification), Cough (diagnosis), Cough (epidemiology), Cough (microbiology), Cough (virology), Diagnostic Tests, Routine (methods), Female, Germany (epidemiology), Humans, Immunoglobulin A (analysis), Immunoglobulin G (analysis), Influenza, Human (diagnosis), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (virology), Influenzavirus A (isolation & purification), Influenzavirus B (isolation & purification), Male, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Whooping Cough (diagnosis), Whooping Cough (epidemiology), Whooping Cough (microbiology), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G.
- geographic , epidemiology : Germany.
- diagnosis : Adenoviridae Infections, Cough, Influenza, Human, Whooping Cough.
- epidemiology : Adenoviridae Infections, Cough, Influenza, Human, Whooping Cough.
- isolation & purification : Adenoviridae, Bordetella pertussis, Influenzavirus A, Influenzavirus B.
- methods : Diagnostic Tests, Routine.
- microbiology : Cough, Whooping Cough.
- virology : Adenoviridae Infections, Cough, Influenza, Human.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Young Adult.
Abstract
Laboratory tests in adult outpatients with longer lasting coughs to identify a potential causal pathogen are rarely performed, and there is no gold standard for these diagnostic tests. While the diagnostic validity of serological tests for pertussis is well established their potential contribution for diagnosing adenovirus and influenza virus A and B infections is unclear. A sentinel study into the population-based incidence of longer lasting coughs in adults was done in Rostock (former East Germany) and Krefeld (former West Germany). A total of 971 outpatients who consulted general practitioners or internists were included. Inclusion criteria were coughing for ⩾1 week and no chronic respiratory diseases. We evaluated the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as IgG and IgA serology, applying a latent class model for diagnosing infections with adenovirus, B. pertussis, and influenza virus A and B. The adult outpatients first sought medical attention when they had been coughing for a median of 3 weeks. In this situation, direct detection of infectious agents by PCR had a low sensitivity. Modelling showed that additional serological tests equally improved sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis for adenovirus, B. pertussis and influenza virus A and B infections. The combination of serology and PCR may improve the overall performance of diagnostic tests for B. pertussis and also for adenovirus, and influenza virus A and B infections.
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268815002149
PubMed: 26380914
Affiliations:
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Sobotzki</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Soziale Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität,München,Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Soziale Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität,München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Riffelmann, M" sort="Riffelmann, M" uniqKey="Riffelmann M" first="M" last="Riffelmann">M. Riffelmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Labor: Medizin Krefeld MVZ GmbH,Krefeld,Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Labor: Medizin Krefeld MVZ GmbH,Krefeld</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Krefeld</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Krefeld</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Krefeld</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kennerknecht, N" sort="Kennerknecht, N" uniqKey="Kennerknecht N" first="N" last="Kennerknecht">N. Kennerknecht</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Hygiene und Labormedizin,HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld,Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Hygiene und Labormedizin,HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hulsse, C" sort="Hulsse, C" uniqKey="Hulsse C" first="C" last="Hülsse">C. Hülsse</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Mecklenburg Vorpommern,Rostock,Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Mecklenburg Vorpommern,Rostock</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Littmann, M" sort="Littmann, M" uniqKey="Littmann M" first="M" last="Littmann">M. Littmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Mecklenburg Vorpommern,Rostock,Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Mecklenburg Vorpommern,Rostock</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Rostock</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="White, A" sort="White, A" uniqKey="White A" first="A" last="White">A. White</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Trinity College Dublin,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>Trinity College Dublin,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Kries, R" sort="Von Kries, R" uniqKey="Von Kries R" first="R" last="Von Kries">R. Von Kries</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Institut für Soziale Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität,München,Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut für Soziale Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität,München</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bavière</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Haute-Bavière</region><settlement type="city">Munich</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wirsing Von Konig, C H" sort="Wirsing Von Konig, C H" uniqKey="Wirsing Von Konig C" first="C H" last="Wirsing Von König">C H Wirsing Von König</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Labor: Medizin Krefeld MVZ GmbH,Krefeld,Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Labor: Medizin Krefeld MVZ GmbH,Krefeld</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Krefeld</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Krefeld</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Krefeld</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Epidemiology and infection</title><idno type="eISSN">1469-4409</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adenoviridae (isolation & purification)</term><term>Adenoviridae Infections (diagnosis)</term><term>Adenoviridae Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>Adenoviridae Infections (virology)</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Bordetella pertussis (isolation & purification)</term><term>Cough (diagnosis)</term><term>Cough (epidemiology)</term><term>Cough (microbiology)</term><term>Cough (virology)</term><term>Diagnostic Tests, Routine (methods)</term><term>Female</term><term>Germany (epidemiology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunoglobulin A (analysis)</term><term>Immunoglobulin G (analysis)</term><term>Influenza, Human (diagnosis)</term><term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (virology)</term><term>Influenzavirus A (isolation & purification)</term><term>Influenzavirus B (isolation & purification)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Models, Theoretical</term><term>Polymerase Chain Reaction</term><term>Sensitivity and Specificity</term><term>Whooping Cough (diagnosis)</term><term>Whooping Cough (epidemiology)</term><term>Whooping Cough (microbiology)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adenoviridae (isolement et purification)</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Allemagne (épidémiologie)</term><term>Bordetella pertussis (isolement et purification)</term><term>Coqueluche (diagnostic)</term><term>Coqueluche (microbiologie)</term><term>Coqueluche (épidémiologie)</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Grippe humaine (diagnostic)</term><term>Grippe humaine (virologie)</term><term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Immunoglobuline A (analyse)</term><term>Immunoglobuline G (analyse)</term><term>Infections à Adenoviridae (diagnostic)</term><term>Infections à Adenoviridae (virologie)</term><term>Infections à Adenoviridae (épidémiologie)</term><term>Influenzavirus A (isolement et purification)</term><term>Influenzavirus B (isolement et purification)</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Modèles théoriques</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne</term><term>Sensibilité et spécificité</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Tests diagnostiques courants ()</term><term>Toux (diagnostic)</term><term>Toux (microbiologie)</term><term>Toux (virologie)</term><term>Toux (épidémiologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Immunoglobulin A</term><term>Immunoglobulin G</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Germany</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>Immunoglobuline A</term><term>Immunoglobuline G</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Adenoviridae Infections</term><term>Cough</term><term>Influenza, Human</term><term>Whooping Cough</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coqueluche</term><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Infections à Adenoviridae</term><term>Toux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Adenoviridae Infections</term><term>Cough</term><term>Influenza, Human</term><term>Whooping Cough</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Adenoviridae</term><term>Bordetella pertussis</term><term>Influenzavirus A</term><term>Influenzavirus B</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adenoviridae</term><term>Bordetella pertussis</term><term>Influenzavirus A</term><term>Influenzavirus B</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Diagnostic Tests, Routine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coqueluche</term><term>Toux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Cough</term><term>Whooping Cough</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Infections à Adenoviridae</term><term>Toux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Adenoviridae Infections</term><term>Cough</term><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Allemagne</term><term>Coqueluche</term><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Infections à Adenoviridae</term><term>Toux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Models, Theoretical</term><term>Polymerase Chain Reaction</term><term>Sensitivity and Specificity</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Modèles théoriques</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne</term><term>Sensibilité et spécificité</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Tests diagnostiques courants</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Allemagne</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Laboratory tests in adult outpatients with longer lasting coughs to identify a potential causal pathogen are rarely performed, and there is no gold standard for these diagnostic tests. While the diagnostic validity of serological tests for pertussis is well established their potential contribution for diagnosing adenovirus and influenza virus A and B infections is unclear. A sentinel study into the population-based incidence of longer lasting coughs in adults was done in Rostock (former East Germany) and Krefeld (former West Germany). A total of 971 outpatients who consulted general practitioners or internists were included. Inclusion criteria were coughing for ⩾1 week and no chronic respiratory diseases. We evaluated the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as IgG and IgA serology, applying a latent class model for diagnosing infections with adenovirus, B. pertussis, and influenza virus A and B. The adult outpatients first sought medical attention when they had been coughing for a median of 3 weeks. In this situation, direct detection of infectious agents by PCR had a low sensitivity. Modelling showed that additional serological tests equally improved sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis for adenovirus, B. pertussis and influenza virus A and B infections. The combination of serology and PCR may improve the overall performance of diagnostic tests for B. pertussis and also for adenovirus, and influenza virus A and B infections. </div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26380914</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>02</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1469-4409</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>144</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Mar</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Epidemiology and infection</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Epidemiol. Infect.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Latent class analysis of diagnostic tests for adenovirus, Bordetella pertussis and influenza virus infections in German adults with longer lasting coughs.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>840-6</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1017/S0950268815002149</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Laboratory tests in adult outpatients with longer lasting coughs to identify a potential causal pathogen are rarely performed, and there is no gold standard for these diagnostic tests. While the diagnostic validity of serological tests for pertussis is well established their potential contribution for diagnosing adenovirus and influenza virus A and B infections is unclear. A sentinel study into the population-based incidence of longer lasting coughs in adults was done in Rostock (former East Germany) and Krefeld (former West Germany). A total of 971 outpatients who consulted general practitioners or internists were included. Inclusion criteria were coughing for ⩾1 week and no chronic respiratory diseases. We evaluated the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as well as IgG and IgA serology, applying a latent class model for diagnosing infections with adenovirus, B. pertussis, and influenza virus A and B. The adult outpatients first sought medical attention when they had been coughing for a median of 3 weeks. In this situation, direct detection of infectious agents by PCR had a low sensitivity. Modelling showed that additional serological tests equally improved sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis for adenovirus, B. pertussis and influenza virus A and B infections. The combination of serology and PCR may improve the overall performance of diagnostic tests for B. pertussis and also for adenovirus, and influenza virus A and B infections. </AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sobotzki</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Soziale Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität,München,Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Riffelmann</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Labor: Medizin Krefeld MVZ GmbH,Krefeld,Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kennerknecht</LastName><ForeName>N</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Hygiene und Labormedizin,HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld,Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hülsse</LastName><ForeName>C</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Mecklenburg Vorpommern,Rostock,Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Littmann</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales des Landes Mecklenburg Vorpommern,Rostock,Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>White</LastName><ForeName>A</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Trinity College Dublin,School of Computer Science and Statistics,Dublin,Ireland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Von Kries</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut für Soziale Pädiatrie und Jugendmedizin,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität,München,Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wirsing VON König</LastName><ForeName>C H</ForeName><Initials>CH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Labor: Medizin Krefeld MVZ GmbH,Krefeld,Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>18</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Epidemiol Infect</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8703737</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0950-2688</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007070">Immunoglobulin A</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007074">Immunoglobulin G</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000256" MajorTopicYN="N">Adenoviridae</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000257" MajorTopicYN="N">Adenoviridae Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000369" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged, 80 and over</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001886" MajorTopicYN="N">Bordetella pertussis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003371" MajorTopicYN="N">Cough</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003955" MajorTopicYN="N">Diagnostic Tests, Routine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005858" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Germany</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007070" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunoglobulin A</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007074" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunoglobulin G</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007251" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza, Human</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D029521" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenzavirus A</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D029524" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenzavirus B</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008962" MajorTopicYN="N">Models, Theoretical</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016133" MajorTopicYN="N">Polymerase Chain Reaction</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012680" MajorTopicYN="N">Sensitivity and Specificity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014917" MajorTopicYN="N">Whooping Cough</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Adenovirus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">adults</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">cough</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">influenza virus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">latent class analysis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">pertussis</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>19</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>3</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26380914</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0950268815002149</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1017/S0950268815002149</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Irlande (pays)</li></country><region><li>Bavière</li><li>District de Haute-Bavière</li></region><settlement><li>Munich</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bavière"><name sortKey="Sobotzki, C" sort="Sobotzki, C" uniqKey="Sobotzki C" first="C" last="Sobotzki">C. Sobotzki</name></region><name sortKey="Hulsse, C" sort="Hulsse, C" uniqKey="Hulsse C" first="C" last="Hülsse">C. Hülsse</name><name sortKey="Kennerknecht, N" sort="Kennerknecht, N" uniqKey="Kennerknecht N" first="N" last="Kennerknecht">N. Kennerknecht</name><name sortKey="Littmann, M" sort="Littmann, M" uniqKey="Littmann M" first="M" last="Littmann">M. Littmann</name><name sortKey="Riffelmann, M" sort="Riffelmann, M" uniqKey="Riffelmann M" first="M" last="Riffelmann">M. Riffelmann</name><name sortKey="Von Kries, R" sort="Von Kries, R" uniqKey="Von Kries R" first="R" last="Von Kries">R. Von Kries</name><name sortKey="Wirsing Von Konig, C H" sort="Wirsing Von Konig, C H" uniqKey="Wirsing Von Konig C" first="C H" last="Wirsing Von König">C H Wirsing Von König</name></country><country name="Irlande (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="White, A" sort="White, A" uniqKey="White A" first="A" last="White">A. 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